Facing machine



Aug. 10 1926.

J. E. LO'EWY ET AL FACING MACHINE Filed Ju ly 1922 9 Sheet s-Sheet 1 Aug. 10, 1926. 1,595,898

J. E. LOEWY ET Al.

FACING MACHINE Filed July 1922 9 Sheats-Sheet 3 Aug. 10 1926. 1,595,898

J. E. LOEWY ET AL FACING MACHINE Filed July 20, 1922 9 Sheets-Sheet 4,

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Aug. 10, 1926. 1,595,898.

J. E. LOEWY ET AL FAC'I NG MACH I NE Filed July 1922 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 Irma 071?" wax/1f PM Aug. 10,1926. 1,595,898

J. E. LOEWY El AL FACING MACHINE Filed July 1922 9 Sheets-She et e Aug. 10 1926. 1,595,898

,1. E. LOEWY ET AL FAG ING MACHINE I Filed July 1922 9 Sheets-Sheet v El "fllilIIIIIIIHIIIIIIL Aug. 10 1926. 1,595,898

J. E. LOEWY ET AL FACING momma I Filed July 1922 9 sheets-sheet 8 Patented Aug. 10, 1926.

UNITED STfhTES FATENT OFFICE.

JULIUS EDVJ'ARD LOEWY AND CHARLES VT. PITIEAN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYL- VANIA, ASSIGNORS T GENERAL'GRINDING "vi/HEEL CORPORATION, OE PHILA- DELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION CF PENNSYLVANIA.

FACING MACHINE.

Application filed July 20, 1922.

One ob 'ect of this invention is to provide a relatively simple, substantial and eflicient facing machine which shall include novel mechanism for feeding its cutting tool so that it shall move continuously and at a uniform rate ;the invention also contemplating the provision of means for adjusting the rate of feed of the tool as well as its direction of movement.

Another object of the invention is to provide a facing machine including a rotatably mounted tool with simple and effective means whereby said tool shall be continuously fed toward or from its center of rotation at any of several rates of speed, and the invention also includes novel means for automatically stopping the feed of the tool at a predetermined point.

We further desire to provide a novel form of differential feeding mechanism for a tool carried by a rotary head whereby said tool may be positively moved at any of several speeds in either of two directions, the inven tion also including novel means for automatically stopping the feeding mechanism under predetermined conditions.

We also desire to provide a machine of the above noted type with a novel arrangement of controlling and adjusting mechanism particularly adapted to permit of its rapid and convenient operation.

A further object of the invention is to provide novel means for holding an object to be operated on by the facing tool.

These objects and other advantageous ends we attain as hereinafter set forth, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which,

Fig. l is a front elevation illustrating a facing machine constructed in accordance with our invention;

Figs. 2 and 3 are respectively a side and a rear elevation of the facing machine shown in Fig. 1;

Figs. i and 5 are respectively a side elevation and a plan on a larger scale than Figs. 2 and 3 and with the gear case removed, showing the tool feeding mechanism and certain of its associated parts;

Fig. 6 is a vertical section on the line 6-6, Fig. 4:

Serial No. 576,288.

Fig. 7 is a vertical section on the line 7-7, Fig. 3, but on a larger scale than said figure;

Figs. 8 and 9 are front elevations of the rotary tool head, illustrating certain of its parts in two different positions;

Fig. 10 is a side elevation of the rotary tool head and certain of the mechanism associated therewith;

Fig. 11 is a vertical section on the line l1ll, Fig. 8, with certain of the tool holding elements removed;

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary section on the line 12--l2, Fig. 8, illustrating certain of the controlling mechanism for the tool;

Figs. 13 and 14 are respectively front and side elevations of the device for holding an object to be faced by the rotary tool head of our machine;

Fig. 15 is a plan of the device shown in Figs. 13 and 14; and

Fig. 16 is an elevation similar to Fig. 18,

showing the holding device or jig with its parts in their closed position and indicating the position of a castingheld thereby in position to be faced.

In accordance with our invention we provide a base structure 1 of suitable form and material for supporting a gang of similar facing machines all driven from a single operating shaft 2, which while for the most part supported in bearings on said machines, projects at one end of the row thereof and has a bracket 3 carried on the base providing a bearing for said end. This shaft is driven by any suitable means having in the present case fast and loose pulleys 4 and 5 for the reception of a driving belt whose position is determined by a belt shifter 6 controlled by an operating handle 7.

Each of the machines mounted on the base or foundation 1 includes a main body or supporting frame 8 providing a pair of bearings 99 for the main shaft 2 and over them a second pair of bearings 101O for a counter shaft 11. The front face of the frame 8 is plane and substantially vertical, having a guideway (not shown) for the reception of a suitable element forming part of or projecting from a main table 12. 'This table is supported on a vertical shaft 18 whose lower end is threaded into a nut 14- fiXed to and illll ca ried by the base structure 1. Said shaft has fixed to its upper part a bevelled gear meshing with a second bevelled gear 16 on a short shaft 17 journalled in one of the side portions of the table andhas an operatingcrank 18 whereby it may be turned.

Then so operated, a corresponding rotation of the gears 16 and 15 turns the shaft 13. and by reason of its coaction with the nut 14-, this shaft raises or lowers the table 12. On the top of said table is a guideway 19 indicated in Fig. 2, designed for the reception of a carriage 2O movable thereon toward and from the main frame 8 of the machine, and this carriage in turn supports arotary table 21 designed to carry the work to be operated on or the jig on which said work is supported. By mechanism whose detail construction forms no part of the present invention. the carriage 2 0 may be moved on its guide 19 by means of a crank handle 22, and by means of other suitable mechanism actuated from the shaft 23 journalled on the front of the carriage 20, said table 21 may be turned.

For positively locking the table 21 in any of several positions. its under face has a circular series of holes for the reception of the upper end of a plunger 2st normally pressed toward said table and retained in its upper position by a spring By means of a lever 26 fulcrumed to the under side of the carriage 20 and connected to the lower end of the plunger 24, the latter may be pulled down against the action of the spring to allow the rotary table 21 to be turned by rotation of the shaft 23 and after it has been brought to a predetern'iined position, the release of said lever permitsthe plunger 24 to be again entered in one of the holes in the table so that this is held immovably and positively locked in place.

While the object to be faced may be mounted on the table 21 in any of a number of different positions and held by any convenient means, when the machine is used for facing an object such as the flange of a T- fitting X. we preferably employ a in the form of a base structure 27 (Figs. 1? to 16 inclusive) which consists of a casting of generally rectangular outline from whose rear side a pair of columns 2828 extends upwardly and have hinged between their top portions a clamping frame 29. The front end of this frame is designed to be held down by a pair of hooked arms 550 530 whose lower ends are hinged to the base structure 27. The fitting X to be faced is preferably mounted on a block 81 immovably held on the base structure 27 and it is rigidly clamped in the jig by other blocks 32 actuated by set screws 38 threaded through the clamping frame 29.

The mechanism for supporting driving and feeding the tool for facing an object X carried by the table 12, is supported on the main frame structure 8 and includes a pair of pinions 34 iand 35 of differentdiameters both fixed to the main shaft 2 and respectively meshing with two gears 36 and 37 loosely mounted on the counter shaft 11; the first of these gears being larger than the second. The adjacent faces of the hubs of these gears 36 and 37 are provided with teeth designed to cooperate with similar teeth carried by a clutch member 18 splined to the counter shaft and slidable thereon so as to be capable of connecting either gear to it at will.

Also fixed to said counter shaft is a bevelled pinion 38, meshing with a bevelled gear 39 keyed to a shaft L0 supported in suitable bearings in the frame 8 so as to extend from the rear toward the front thereof. A second shaft 41 is also supported in bearings carried on the frame 8 parallel with and above the shaft 4O and it has keyed to it a gear 42 meshing with a pinion t3 loose on said shaft 40. This pinion is provided with clutch teeth designed to coact with similar teeth carried by a movable clutch member 14; slidable on and splined to the shaft 40, and the position of this clutch member is controlled by an arm 45 fixed to a short spindle 46 journalled in the frame structure 8 and having an operating arm 47 projecting horizontally at the side of the latter. By this means it is possible to operably con nect the two shafts 40 and 41 at will.

Threaded or otherwise suitably fixed to the forward end of the shaft 41 is a rotary tool head at?) in the shape of a flat, cylindrical structure having an undercut guideway 50 extending transversely across its front face for the reception of a tool carriage 51. A suitable facing tool may be mounted on this carriage in any desired way;-in the present instance we have formed said carriage to include a substantially rectangular recess or box portion 52 for the reception of a pair of clamping plates 53 and :34 of which the latter has a notched face spaced away from av fiat. face of the former and designed to receive in its notches one or more cutting tools rigidly held in place by suitable set scre- 56 threaded into one side of the box portion 52 so as to clamp said plates and 54 therein. It is noted that the recess in the carriage 51 is so positioned that the clamping plates 53 and 54. extend parallel to its line of movement and sulistantially radial to the tool head 49, so that movement of the carriage in its guideway 50 moves the tool 55 toward or from the center of rotation of said head.

For the purpose of so moving the tool carriage 51 and feeding the tool, we journal in the body of the tool head a9 a threaded shaft 56 carrying anut 57 engaging with the under side of the tool carriage 51 in such manner that as said shaft is rotated, the nut is moved longitudinally thereof and therefore causes the carriage to slide in its guideway to move the tool 55 toward or from the center of rotation of the head. The threaded shaft 56 has fixed to it adjacent one end a bevelled pinion 58 engaged by a bevelled gear 59 rotatably mounted on a portion of the tool head d9concentric with its supporting shaft 41 and this gear has keyed or otherwise fixed to it a spur gear 60 meshing with a second gear 61 loosely mounted on a shaft 62 carried by a suitable frame or casing structure 63 supported from the main fran e 8.

Fixed to this shaft 62 within the casing structure provided by the frame 63 are a series of change speed gears 64t-6566-67, any one of which is designed to be engaged by an intermediate gear 68 keyed to a short shaft 69 journalled on a swinging arm 70 loosely mounted on a shaft 71 also journalled in the frame structure 88. The latter has keyed to it a gear 72 constantly meshing with the gear 68 and is driven by a second gear 78 meshing with the main gear (t2 on the shaft 41. The arm with its gear 72 is slidable longitudinally of the shaft 'i'l to permit the intermediate gear 68 being brought into the plane of any one of the gears 6467, and for holding said arm with its gear in position to transmit power between any one of the change speed gears and the gear 72, we mount a spring-actuated locking pin 75 in the outer end of said arm in such position that it is capable of entering any of several suitably placed holes 76 (Fig. 2) in the frame strir-ture 68 when said gears are in the above noted powertransmitting positions.

For connecting and controlling the connection of the gear 61 to the shaft 62, we spline on the latter a clutch member 77 having teeth designed to cooperate with similar teeth 78 on the adjacent face of th hub of said gear wheel 61. and provide means whereby when the tool reaches a predetermined position, this clutch is automatically opened to prevent further movement of said tool. For this purpose the clutch member 77 is engaged by a suitable yoke 79 pivoted to an arm 80 fixed to and projecting from the frame of the machine and having a notched projecting portion 81 at its opposite end.

By means of a spring 82, the yoke 70 at ail times tends to move the clutch member 77 into a position to engage the. teeth 78 of the gear 61, and in order to hold it out of its engaging position under certain conditions,.we provide its projecting portion 81 with a notch designed to receive the hooked end of a lever 88 fulcrumed to the frame and also acted on by the spring 82;the arrangement being such that when the yoke is so moved as to disengage the clutch members, the spring 82 is compressed until finally the hooked end of the lever enters the notch of the yoke projection 81., holding the clutch members disengaged.

For automatically actuating this clutchopening mechanism, we mount on one side of the tool carriage 51 two adjustable stops 84 and 85 in such positions as to engage a projection 86 on a lever 87 pivoted at 88 to the front face of the tool head and having pivoted to its opposite end a rod 89 1- tending r-earwardly through said tool head into position to engage the projection 81 of the clutch-controlling yoke under certain conditions.

A spring 90 is provided to so act on the lever 87 and tripping rod 89 as to normally hold this latter in a disengaged position. V] hen, however by reason of movement of the tool carriage 51 to either extremity of its desired path of movement one of the stops 8 k or 85 engages the abutment 86 of the lever 8'7, the latter is depressed so that the rod 89 projects sufficiently far from the rear face of the tool head 49 to engage the part 81 of the clutch yoke whereupon the latter is moved from the position shown in Fig. 10 to that shown in Fig. 4., for example, thus disconnecting the. gear 61 from its driving shaft 62.

Under operating conditions the pipe fitting or other object to be faced is mounted on the table 21 of the machine and one or more tools 55 are suitably clamped between the plates 53 and 54 of the tool carriage. If it be desired to use more than one tool, one of these may project further than the other so as to operate on surfaces of tie object X at different levels. The tool carriage 51 is then run to a position at or adjacent either end of its desired path of movement by means of a suitable handle applied to the squared end of the threaded shaft 56 (Fig. 11'). and as the spring 90 (Fig. 12) holds the lever 87 with the tripping rod 88 in its outer position, the clutch yoke 79 may be released from its holding lever 83, whereupon the spring so acts upon it as to cause. the teeth the clutch member 77 to engage the clutch teeth '28. The swinging arm 70 (Fig. 8) 's now moved into position to brin' r its intermediate gear 68 into mesh with one of the change speed gears 64l67. in order that the tool may be moved radially of the tool head 49 at the desired speed after which the clutch member at is thrown by means of the handle 47 into position to operatively connect the gear 43 with the shaft tO (Fig. 7

The speed of rotation of the tool head is dependent on which of the gears 88 or-37 is connected by means of the clutch member 48 to the counter shaft 11, since obviously the latter will be driven at a relatively slow speed if said clutch member be thrown to the right and at a high speed if it be thrown to the left.

From the above description it will be appreciated that when power is applied to the main shaft 2 by operating the belt shifter 6 to move the belt om the loose to the pulley, the tool head l9 will be rotated, and by reason of the differential gearing above described, the tool carriage is continuously o1 crated on as said head'is turned, to move the tool toward or from the center of rotation of said head. In the present case said gearing has been so designed tiat if the intermediate gear "'8 is in engagement with either of the gears 6s or 65, the speed of the gear 60 (Fig. 11) bears such a relation to the speed of rotation of the tool head that the tool carriage is moved in one direction, while when said intermediate gear is brought into engagement with either of the gears 66 or 67, the relative speeds of the gear and the tool head are such that the tool carriage is moved in the opposite direction. Obviously the number of change speed gears on the shaft 62 may be varied without departing from our invention to obtain any de sired rate of feed of the tool.

his the latter is moved with its carriage 51, one of the stops 8% and 85 on said carriage ultimately comes into engagement with the abutment 86 on the lever 87, whereupon this is so moved as to proj ct the tripping rod 89 beyond the rear face of the tool head 49, as shown in Fig. 10, so that it shortly comes into engagement with the projecting part 81 of the clutch yoke 79 and moves the clutch member 77 out of engagement with the teeth 78 of the gear 61. This movement of the yoke is suiiicient to permit the hooked end of the holding lever 83 to enter the notch in the part 81 of said yoke, thus holding the clutch open and preventing further feed of the tool.

From the above description it will be noted that we have provided a relatively simple and substantial train of mechanism for continuously feeding a tool across the tool head as the latter is rotated, which train of mechanism includes elements whereby the rate of feed of the tool may be varied at will and its operation may be manually controlled as well as automatically stopped when it has reached its limit of travel in either direction.

It is particularly to be noted that the work holding jig above described is distinctive in being designed for engagement with the body portion of the fitting, valve or other object to be faced. hen such object is rigidly held by a jig in engagementwith its body portion, its several surfaces may befaced after a relatively rough adjustment of the jig, the accuracy of the facing being dependent upon the accuracy of the machine itself and table 21.

By the use of the jig above described a four-way or cross fitting, a fitting, 01 45 T may be faced as readily as plain straight work as can also the flanges of valves, by thus holding their body portions.

o claim:

1. The combination in a machine tool of a rotary tool head; a tool carriage mounted on said head; means including a gear rotatable coaxially with the head and independently thereof for continuously moving the carriage transversely of thehead as the latter is rotated; means including a clutch for rotating the gear; and means operated by the tool carriage for disengaging the clutch when the carriage reaches a predetermined position.

2. lhe combination in a machine tool of a rotary tool head; a tool carriage mounted on said head; means including a gear rotatable coaxially with the head and independently thereof for continuously moving the carriage transversely of the head as the latter is rotated; means including a clutch for rotating the gear; and means operated by the tool carriage for disengaging the clutch when the carriage moves in either direction and reaches either of two predetermined positions.

3. lhe combination in a machine tool of a rotary tool head; a tool carriage mounted on said head; means including a gear rotatable coaxially with the head and independently thereof for continuously moving the carriage transversely of the head as the latter is rotated; means including a clutch for rotating the gear; a lever for disengaging the clutch; a movable stop on the head adapted when in one position to engage the lever as the head is rotated; and means operated by the tool carriage when it reaches a predetermined position for moving the stop into position to engage the lever when the head is rotated.

l. The combination in a machine tool of a rotary tool head; a tool carriage mounted on said head; means including a gear rotatable coaxially with the head and independently thereof for continuously moving the carriage transversely of the head as the latto is rotated; means including a clutch for rotating the gear; a lever for disengaging the clutch; a movable stop on the head adapted when in one position to engage the lever as th head is rotated; and means operated by the tool carriage as it moves in either direction and reaches either of two predetermined positions for moving the stop into position to engage the lever when the head is rotated.

The combination in a facing machine of a rotary tool head; a tool carriage thereon; mechanism including gearing'for drivparticularly of its rotating turn lit) ing said tool carriage when the head is turned; a spring actuated clutch for controlling the operation of said mechanism; means governed by the tool carriage for releasing the clutch when the carriage has been moved to a predetern'iined position on the head; and a device for locking the clutch in its released position.

6. The combination in a machine tool of a rotary tool head; a tool carriage mounted on said head; means including a gear rotatable coaxially with the head and inde pendently thereof for continuously moving tie (iillllti ilje transversely of the head the latter is ro died; means including a clutch for rotating the'gear; means operated by the tool carriage tor disengaging the clutch when the carriage reaches a predetern'iined position; and an automatically acting device for locking the clutch in its disengaged position.

7. The combination in a facing machine of a rotary tool head; a tool carriage mounted on said head; means for turning the tool head; mechanism for actuating the carriage when the tool head is turned; a clutch controlling operation of said mechanism; and means governed by the tool carriage for actuating the clutch When said carriage has been moved to a predetermined position, the same including a lever connected to the movable member of the clutch; and a carriage actuated member movably mounted in the head in position to throw said lever and open the clutch.

8. The combination in a facing machine of a rotary tool head; a tool carriage mounted on said head; means for turning the tool head; mechanism for actuating the carriage when the tool head is turned; a clutch controlling operation of said mechanism; and means governed by the tool carriage for actuating the clutch when said carriage has been moved to a predetermined position, the same including a lever connected to the movable member oi the clutch; a carriageactuated member movably mounted in the head in position to throw said lever and open the clutch; with a device for engaging and holding said lever after it has been moved to a clutch releasing position.

9. The combination in a machine tool of a rotary tool head; a tool carriage mounted on the head; gear rotatable on the outside of the head and operatively connected to the tool carriage; a driven shaft parallel with the axis of rotation of the tool head; a gear on said shaft meshing with said gear on the head; and change speed gearing for altering the relative speeds of the tool head and of the gear thereon; to cause the tool carriage to move toward or from the cen ter of said head at will.

10. The combination in a machine tool of a rotary tool head; a tool carriage mounted on said head; means including a gear rotatable coaxially with the head and independently thereof for continuously moving the carriage transversely oi? the head as the latter is rotated; a second gear rotatable coanially with the head and directly connected for rotation at the same speed; and change speed gearing interposed between the two gears for rotati lg the first said gear either faster or slower than thehead so as to move the carriage in either direction.

11. The combination in a machine tool of rotary tool head; a tool carriage mounted on said heat; means including a gear rotatable coaxially with the head and indepenoently thereof for continuously moving the carriage transversely of the head as the latter is rotated; a second gear rotatable coaxially with the head and directly connected for rotation at the same speed; and change speed gearing interposed between the two gears for rotating the first said gear at either ot'two speeds faster or at either of two speeds slower than the head so as to move the carriage in either direction at either of two speeds.

12. The con'ibination in a machine tool of rotary tool head; a tool carriage mounted on the head; a gear on the rotary head operatively connected to said carriage; a driving shaft; a driven shaft; a gear on the driven shait meshing with the gear on the head: at least two different sized gears on said driven shaft; a gear splined to the driving shaft; a swinging arm on the driving shaft; with an intermediate gear on said arm in shing with the gear on the driving shaft and movable at will into engagement with either 01 said different sized gears on the driven shaft.

13. The combination in a machine tool of a rotary tool head; a tool carriage mounted on said head; means for moving said carriage radially of the head; a tool holder on the carriage including a box; a plate mounted in said box and having a plurality of tool receiving notches therein; and means for adjusting said plate to clamp at least one tool in its notches.

14-. The combination in a machine tool of a rotary tool head; a carriage movable radially thereof; a rectangular tool boX on said carriage; a plate having a series of notches therein to receive at least one tool at any of a number of different distances from the center of rotation of the head; and means for causing said plate to clamp the tool in a fixed position in the box.

JULIUS E. LOEWY. CHARLES W. PITMAN, 

